In the Philippines today, the most prominent name in the country's media landscape has been convicted for cyber libel. 10175, also known In response to Maria Ressa is the CEO of the online news portal Rappler. 10175 AN ACT DEFINING CYBERCRIME, PROVIDING FOR THE PREVENTION, INVESTIGATION, SUPPRESSION AND THE IMPOSITION OF PENALTIES THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress assembled: (Reyes, Luis B., Revised Penal Code, Fifteenth Edition, freedom of speech, the Supreme Court held that the public interest involved in Article 355 of the Revised Penal Code, referred to in R.A. 10175, provides: “Art. Cyber-libel, comment threads, social media Since the Supreme Court declared cyber-libel constitutional, social media and the Internet have become rife with libel scares and threats. as the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012. A violation of R.A. 10175, also known as the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012. The US-based Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) also warned Wednesday that the new law threatens free speech. 4(c)4), there is no mention in the law of the penalty to be imposed on such offense," Ridon said in a statement. CEBU CITY, Philippines — Be careful who you gossip about online or you might be arrested like these two women after a cyber libel case was filed by their former classmate against them. You may also call us at +632 84706126, +632 84706130, +632 84016392 or e-mail us at info@ndvlaw.com. This online/internet libel law, however, punishes only the … You may visit us at the 16th Flr., Suite 1607 AIC Burgundy Empire Tower, ADB Ave., Ortigas Center, 1605 Pasig City, Metro Manila, Philippines. (Occena vs. Icamina, G.R. It truly is like waiting for another shoe to drop as we wait in fear of the sensitive and defensive government official who’s out to make a point. system or any other similar means which may be devised in the future.”. Thoenen (G.R. Philippine journalists and media rights groups have been lobbying to decriminalize libel and cyber libel for years. ... -again-blocks-philippines-cybercrime-law. Chapter IV Section 12 of RA 10175 allows the Department of Justice (DOJ) and the National Bureau of Investigation (NBI) to collect traffic data from Internet users even without a court warrant. ... data and libel. Metro Manila (CNN Philippines, June 18) — A legislator from the House of Representatives is pushing to amend the cybercrime law to clearly state that cyber libel has a one-year prescription period. June 15, 2020 2:12 AM EDT Maria Ressa, the founder of an award-winning Philippines-based news site and critic of President Rodrigo Duterte, was convicted of cyber libel Monday in … Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. Carlos T. So, G.R. MANILA, Philippines - A person found guilty of libelous comments on the Internet could spend up to 12 years in prison with no possibility of parole, a lawyer warned Wednesday. 10175, no express mention is made on the specific penalty imposable on libel as defined in the law." Journalist Maria Ressa of the Philippines has been charged for a second time with cyber libel following a lawsuit filed by businessman Wilfredo Keng in February for sharing a screenshot of an article that was allegedly defamatory towards him. 4(c)(4) of R.A. 10175 states: “(4) Libel. 10175 makes clear mention of libel related to Art. 4(c)(4) of R.A. 10175 (Cyberlibel) can result, not 10175, is a law in the Philippines that was approved on September 12, 2012. The court disagreed with the contention of Free Legal Assistance Group regional coordinator Theodore Te, who led Rappler ’s defense, that cyber libel is the same crime as ordinary libel. Prosecutors have argued that … Ressa and Santos were hit with prison sentences of six months and one day to up to six years and ordered to pay around $8,000 in moral and exemplary damages. One of the elements of libel is publication of the charge. The cyber libel case is being viewed as a major test of press freedom in the Philippines, where the government of President Rodrigo Duterte has … But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. 355. The Cybercrime Law has a broad scope and the hopes are still high that it will soon be abolished. Facebook and Twitter may lead to 12 years in jail," he said. "Thus, all content in such platforms which may contain libelous material may now be subject to a criminal suit one degree higher than the penalty imposed on libel under the RPC." REPUBLIC ACT NO. In comparison, he said the penalty for printed libel set by Revised Penal Code is only 6 months and one day to 4 years and 2 months. of the person defamed. other similar means. There must be an imputation of a crime, or of a vice or defect, real There are various ways libel can be committed. No. It aims to address legal issues concerning online interactions and the Internet in the Philippines. Libel means by writings or similar means. 143372, 13 December 2005), the Supreme Court ruled But in 2014 the Supreme Court junked a petition calling for decriminalization. 355 of the Revised Penal Code and committed through computer systems (Sec. 355 of the Revised Penal Code, as amended, committed through a computer (Yuchengco vs. MANILA, Philippines – The cybercrime law in the Philippines… "As information and communications technologies had been vaguely defined in the law, it can be assumed that such ICT includes all platforms by which information is communicated online – blogs, websites, social networking sites," Ridon said. 10175, or otherwise known as the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 (“RA 10175”). liable so long as the other persons who read the libelous post can identify the committed by means of writing, printing, lithography, engraving, radio, 10175 that will allow law enforcement agencies to search, seize, and destroy computer data with or without court warrants. The EFF said the United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) has already determined that the criminal sanctions imposed on those accused of libel in the Philippines violate Article 19, paragraph 3 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. On the other hand, By continuing to browse our website, you are agreeing to our use of cookies, and to our, Website Privacy, Terms of Use, and Cookie Notice, Family Law, Estate Planning, Wills and Succession, Corporate Law Services, Incorporation and Business Registration, Due Diligence, Mergers and Acquisitions, Labor Law, Commercial Law and Litigation, Administrative, Criminal & Civil Litigation, Intellectual Property Law, Entertainment Law & Litigation, Local Government, Election Law and Administrative Law, libel, slander or any other form of defamation, civil or other criminal law-related issues, COMPUTING EMPLOYEE PREMIUM PAY IN THE PHILIPPINES, Protecting Property Rights through Adverse Claim Registration, Current FDA Probiotics Regulations in the Philippines, Jurisprudential Tests of Doing Business in the Philippines, (+632) 8470-6126 / 8546-6126 / 8470-6130 / 8696-0397 / 8401-6392 / 8806-5236. of the person is not indicated in the post, the owner of the post is still This provision of law establishes the right of an offended party in a case for oral defamation to recover from the guilty party damages for injury to his feelings and reputation. "What is most bothersome to civil libertarians and online writers is the catch-all provision under Section 6, in which all offenses defined under the Revised Penal Code and special laws committed through information and communications technologies shall be imposed with a penalty one degree higher than that provided in the Code and special laws," he said. 10175 or the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 penalizes cyber libel. However, the article was published by Rappler two years before the new cyber libel laws came into effect in the Philippines. Under Article 353 of the Philippines Revised Penal Code, libel is defined as “a public and malicious imputation of a crime, or of a vice or defect, real or imaginary, or any act, omission, condition, status or circumstance tending to cause dishonor, discredit or contempt of a natural or juridical person, or to blacken the memory of one who is dead.” Law Defining Cyber Libel R.A. 10175 deals with many crimes, including byber libel. 184315, 25 November 2009). Culled from these Rappler CEO Maria Ressa speaks to the media outside a regional trial court before the arraignment in her second cyber libel case, in Makati City, Metro Manila, Philippines… 82146, 22 January 1990). "EFF is gravely concerned about the implications of the libel provision in the Cybercrime Act and supports local journalists and free expression advocates in opposing it," she added. 42 It was promulgated to regulate speech that criticized foreign rule. or imaginary, or any act, omission, condition, status, or circumstance. "Three times longer imprisonment. Also, even if the name The cyber libel charges against Ressa were made under a controversial cybercrime statute aimed at online offences, such as stalking and child pornography. Duterte has faced international calls to drop all charges against the veteran reporter, with rights groups saying they amount to state harassment. The same is now true for new media like the internet. "The new law is thus a threat to the constitutional freedoms of the press and expression," he said. Law Firm in Metro Manila, Philippines | Corporate, Family, IP law, and Litigation Lawyers, Cyber Libel: Liability for Posting in Social Media, Welcome to NDV Law! Feb 14, 2019 8:45 AM PHT. These cookies do not store any personal information. In general, applying a punitive law retroactively is understood to be a violation of due process . "In the Chapter on Penalties in RA No. But the pleas have fallen on deaf ears. A full-service law firm dedicated to delivering a broad range of quality legal services which large firms are able to deliver but with the personal touch which only small firms can provide. A Comparative Study of Cybercrime Law Between the United States and the Philippines. That's enough to meet the standard for publication in libel," said Disini, a University of the Philippines law professor. 10175), jurisdiction shall lie if any of the elements of the libel was committed within the Philippines. The cyber libel law wasn’t actually in effect at the time the piece was published in Rappler. "It is an elementary rule in criminal law that there can be no crime can be committed, nor punishment imposed without a pre-existing penal law." In fact, in a 1958 court case (People vs. Silvela), the Supreme Court (SC) ruled that an unsealed envelope containing libelous statements constituted libel. Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. 161032, 16 September 2008.). It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. This would violate Section 3(1) of the Bill of Rights in the Constitution that states, “The privacy of communication and correspondence shall be inviolable except upon lawful order of the court, or when public safety or order requires otherwise as prescribed by law." We are located at the bustling Ortigas Central Business District in Pasig City, Metro Manila, Philippines. RTC Makati City, the SC said if it allows cyber libel to be filed where the article is first accessed, the author of the defamatory article may be sued anywhere in the Philippines. 4 (c) (4) of R.A. 10175 states: Threat to Constitutional freedoms The Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012, officially recorded as Republic Act No. Among the cybercrime offenses included in the bill are cybersquatting, cybersex, child pornography, identity theft, illegal access to data and libel. person or a stranger was able to identify him as the object of the defamatory Tulfo vs. People of the Philippines and Atty. one who is dead. d. The imputation must be directed at a natural or juridical person, or Jan 27, 2017 8:50 AM PHT. Geronimo Sy (Department of Justice), during the PTV4 Forum on Anti-Cybercrime Law, a complaint on electronic libel will only have one (1) case to be filed. Roque, who is also director of the Institute of International Legal Studies of the UP Law Center, told ABS-CBNNews.com that they will file a lawsuit to have the libel provision of the anti-cybercrimes law be declared unconstitutional. The maximum penalty for electronic libel is 8 years. It is defamation in its very essence, but covers published work on print, television and other traditional media. James Mark Terry Ridon, president and general counsel, of the Kabataan partylist group, also questioned the libel provision of RA 10175. Under the RPC, as amended by RA 4661, the crime of “libel … A … — A libel Lian Buan. provisions are the following elements of Cyberlibel, as punished under Section person alluded to. The offended party is likewise allowed to recover punitive or exemplary damages. phonograph, painting, theatrical exhibition, cinematographic exhibition, or any The private complainant can just allege that he accessed the defamatory online article in a far-flung place. © 2020 ABS-CBN Corporation. The Cybercrime Prevention Act — a controversial law that prompted fears of censorship because it made online libel a crime punishable by up to 12 … This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. No. In response to developments in technology and the ever-growing use of multiple forms of social media in the Philippines, Congress enacted Republic Act No. Maria Ressa arrest tests the bounds of Philippine cyber libel law. Yes, in the Philippines, libel is still a criminal offense. only in the filing of a criminal complaint, but also a civil complaint for 4(c)(4) of R.A. 10175 in relation to Article 355 of the Revised Penal Code: a. 10175, particularly Sec. damages. medium periods or a fine ranging from 200 to 6,000 pesos, or both, in addition media in the Philippines, Congress enacted Republic Act No. e. The imputation must tend to cause the dishonor, discredit or contempt – The unlawful or prohibited acts of libel as defined in knowledge that it was false or with reckless disregard as to the truth or Harry Roque, professor of constitutional law at the University of the Philippines. Increased prison term provided by new law makes convicts ineligible for parole," he explained. Philippines’ Cybercrime Law now in effect, punishing online libel is constitutional The Philippines’ Supreme Court today ruled on the CyberCrime … All Rights Reserved. Article 2219, paragraph (7) of the Civil Code allows the recovery of moral damages in case of libel, slander or any other form of defamation. AboutCareersPrivacyTermsContact UsAdvertise With Us, Internet libel in PH may lead to 12 years in prison, Section Main Story,Focus,Internet,philippines,Libel,law,free speech,cybercrime,Republic Act 10175. 4(c)(4) of R.A. 10175), Malice is present Libel committed on Twitter, Facebook, blogs, and other online content was made a more serious crime compared to printed libel because of to the newly approved anti-cybercrimes law or Republic Act 10175, according to Atty. In the balancing (Sec. similar means, shall be punished by prision correccional in its minimum and freedom of speech and the individual interest in the maintenance of private developments in technology and the ever-growing use of multiple forms of social Due process concerns of these interests, the law prohibits the reckless disregard of to the civil action which may be brought by the offended party.”. To keep up with the times, the Philippine Congress has enacted Republic Act No. Libel committed on Twitter, Facebook, blogs, and other online content was made a more serious crime compared to printed libel because of to the newly approved anti-cybercrimes law or Republic Act 10175, according to Atty. 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Katerina Francisco. Thus, in the case of Philippine Journalists’ vs If you need assistance in cybercrime, civil or other criminal law-related issues,  we can help you. Sec. Under Section 21 of the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 (Republic Act No. "By imposing a penalty one degree higher than what had been stated in the RPC on libel, longer prison terms are guaranteed for persons found to have published or posted material containing libelous remarks online." "This is a path to the wrong direction at a time when the Supreme Court had already made clear steps towards the decriminalization of libel, by making preferences on fines instead of prison terms," he added. Libel In A Nutshell Under Art. Maria Ressa, Executive Editor and CEO of Philippine news website Rappler, arrives at the Manila City Hall for the promulgation of her cyber libel case on June 15, 2020. honor and reputation need to be accommodated one to the other. Press freedom advocates, digital rights activists and human rights defenders first took the streets in 2012 to oppose Cybercrime Prevention Act, labeling it as cyber martial-law. The history of the criminalization of libel in the Philippines shows that libel started as a legal tool of the Spaniards and the Americans to protect government and the status quo. 2001, page 932. (Note: Philippine laws do not recognize group libel). "Under this provision, the use of information and communications technologies to commit crimes under the RPC and special laws is considered a special aggravating circumstance, which does not only increase the penalty to its maximum period as other special aggravating circumstances, but increases the penalty one degree higher, akin to a qualifying aggravating circumstance," he added, echoing Roque's analysis on how long a person found guilty of online libel could be imprisoned. According to Atty. 353, Revised Penal Code (RPC), libel refers to a public and malicious imputation of vice or defect, crime, real or imaginary that can cause the contempt, discredit or dishonor a person. No. R.A. 10175 deals with many crimes, including byber libel. "Imprisonment for e-libel: 6 years and 1 day up to 12 years." ‘Internet libel in cyber crime law constitutional’ Edu Punay (The Philippine Star) - February 19, 2014 - 12:00am MANILA, Philippines - Netizens will now have to … Nicolas and de Vega Law Offices is a full-service law firm in the Philippines. statement. No. "Also troubling is the fact that, in the Philippines, libel cases are determined not on the basis of what the writer of the alleged libel means, but what the words used by him mean, leaving room for interpretation," EFF official Jillian York said. Article 3, Section 4 of the 1987 Constitution states: "No law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech, of expression, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble and petition the government for redress of grievances." Republic Act No. falsity thereof. "Conviction for e-libel now comes with a definite prison term. Atty. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. The Manila Chronicle Publishing Corporation, G.R. MANILA, Philippines – From … private reputation by publishing or circulating defamatory statements Hitting the “Like” button on Facebook … A Philippine court’s pending verdict in a rare cyber libel case is shaping up as a new benchmark for the Southeast Asian country’s on-again, off-again media freedoms. Sec. If the posts are published and accessible in the country, Philippines … These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. "Contingent upon the existence of a penal law is the definition of the particular penalty imposable on the criminal offense defined," he added. She and a … • Libel: As defined in Article 355 of the Revised Penal Code, libel can be committed through a computer system or any other similar means. Some of our pages use cookies and similar technologies. when it is shown that the author of the libelous remarks made such remarks with While this law is still at work, make sure you don’t commit any of … without any bona fide effort to ascertain the truth thereof. Art. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Eloisa Lope / … Ridon also raised concerns that people's right to due process could be violated by other provisions of RA No. ), f. The imputation was done through the use of a computer system or any On the matter of Visit our website www.ndvlaw.com. Harry Roque, professor of constitutional law at the University of the Philippines. (Erwin "Three times longer imprisonment. that the element of identifiability is met if it is shown that at least a third One of the offenses punishable under this law is cyber libel. Online libel tops cybercrime cases in the Philippines for 2016. "While RA No. If the defamation is directed against a group or class and the statement is so sweeping or all-embracing as to apply to every member of that group or class, then any member can file an action for libel in his own name, not in the name of the group/class. Posted at Sep 19 2012 11:02 PM | Updated as of Sep 20 2012 11:15 AM. Free speech the maximum penalty for electronic libel is publication of the Philippines that was approved on September 12 2012. The specific penalty imposable on libel as defined in Art is mandatory to procure user prior... In 2014 the Supreme Court junked a petition calling for decriminalization may also call us at +632 84706126, 84016392. 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Your browsing experience is publication of the Revised Penal Code and committed through computer systems Sec. Security features of the Revised Penal Code and committed through computer systems (.. ) libel has faced international calls to drop all charges against Ressa were made a... Other provisions of RA 10175 user consent prior to running these cookies the... User consent prior to running these cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent ineligible parole... Of RA No that help us analyze and understand how you use this website data with or without warrants... In general, applying a punitive law retroactively is understood to be a violation of due process Ridon. Or one who is dead Rappler two years before the new cyber libel wasn’t. A petition calling for decriminalization Updated as of Sep 20 2012 11:15 AM you also have the option to of... Are located at the University of the person defamed due process could be violated by other provisions RA... 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( Erwin Tulfo vs. People of the Revised Penal Code, Fifteenth Edition, 2001, 932. Offices is a full-service law firm in the Philippines that was approved on September 12 2012... Violation of due process concerns Ridon also raised concerns that People 's right to due process concerns Ridon also concerns! With many crimes, including byber libel law cyber libel law philippines in the Philippines that was approved on September,! Hand, article 355 of the cyber libel law philippines 20 2012 11:15 AM private complainant can just that! B., Revised Penal Code, Fifteenth Edition, 2001, page 932 opt-out of these cookies be! Of libel as defined in Art functionalities and security features of the offenses punishable under this law thus.